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Based on the modern anatomy and physiology, the referred pain of myofascial trigger points of each muscle is integrated; compared with the twelve meridians as well as conception vessel and governor vessel, the similarity of their position and running course is observed. With the current research progress of myofascial trigger points and fasciology, based on the running course of referred pain of trigger points, combined with fascia mechanics, nerve and vascular, the location of acupoints and meridians, as well as the relationship between acupoints and meridians, are discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Points , Meridians , Muscles , Pain, Referred , Trigger PointsABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on urge urinary incontinence after stroke. Methods:From May, 2015 to May, 2018, 40 patients with urge urinary incontinence after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and electroacupuncture group (n = 20). Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation, while the electroacupuncture group accepted electroacupuncture at Zhongji (CV3) and Guanyuan (CV4) in addition, for four weeks. They recorded the urination log (72 hours), and were assessed with Incontinence Scale, and tested with urodynamics before and after treatment. Results:There were 17 cases in the control group and 18 in the electroacupuncture group finishing the trial. The total number of urination, the number of urge incontinence and the number of calls for urination carer at night decreased, the average volume of urine increased, and the score of Incontinence Scale decreased (|t| > 4.770, P < 0.001) in both groups, which were better in the electroacupuncture group than in the control group (|t| > 2.962, P < 0.01). The maximum cystometric bladder capacity and bladder compliance increased in both groups, while the maximum bladder pressure and maximum detrusor pressure decreased after treatment (|t| > 4.052, P < 0.001), which were better in the electroacupuncture group than in the control group (|t| > 2.716, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at Zhongji and Guanyuan is effective on urge urinary incontinence, which relates with reducing detrusor and bladder pressure, increasing bladder volume, and improving bladder compliance.
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Objective To investigate the influence of three extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, namely, laminin (LN), collagen type I (Col I), fibronectin (FN) on the morphology and contractility changes in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). Methods ASMCs were seeded on the culture dish coated with LN, Col I, or FN, respectively, and divided into two groups to be cultured either in the absence or presence of PDGF-BB (10 mg/L) for 0~5 d. Subsequently, cell morphology was examined by the optical microscopy and quantified as the ratio of cell width to length, and the KCl/histamine-induced contractile responses of the cell were measured by optical magnetic twisting cytometry (OMTC). Results ASMCs cultured in the presence of PDGF-BB generally appeared in longer and thinner cell shapes, namely, a smaller ratio of cell width to length, but the cell width/length ratio for ASMCs adhered on LN was relatively bigger than that on Col I or FN. In the absence of PDGF-BB, contractility of ASMCs to KCl increased with the duration of culture, which was independent of the ECM proteins. In contrast, in the presence of PDGF-BB, contractility of ASMCs to KCl or histamine decreased in all situations, but degree of the decrease was smaller for ASMCs adhered on LN than those on Col I or FN. Conclusions The morphology and contractility changes in ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB are influenced by ECM proteins on which cells are grown. For ASMCs adhered on LN, the morphology and contractility changes are relatively smaller than those on Col I and FN. The differential effect of ECM proteins on PDGF-BB induced changes in morphology and contractility of ASMCs is important to fully understand the interactions between ECM proteins, inflammatory factors, ASMCs, and their relation to the pathophysiological mechanism of asthma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of acupuncture combined with speech therapy for dysarthria after stroke or cerebral trauma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-one cases were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group (30 cases) was treated with speech therapy and acupuncture at Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Fengchi (GB 20), Yifeng (TE 17) and Wangu (GB 12) as major acupoints, while the control group (31 cases) was treated with speech therapy only. The changes of speech and acoustics indices were evaluated after 9 weeks treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The word articulation and correct rate of text of patients in two groups were both obviously improved after treatment (both P < 0.01). The total effective rate of 96.7% (29/30) in observation group was superior to that of 67.7% (21/31) in control group (P < 0.01). The maximum phonation time (MPT) of patients tested by aeromechanics analyzer were obviously prolonged in observation group (12 cases) and control group (11 cases) (both P < 0.01), and the improvement in observation group was more obvious (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture combined with speech therapy can improve the effect on language and acoustics level for dysarthria.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Acupuncture Therapy , Dysarthria , Therapeutics , Speech Acoustics , Speech TherapyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the intervention effects of low-fluoride brick tea in the population, and to provide data for the prevention and control of the brick-tea type fluorosis. Methods Eighty-six Kazakh families with 5-12 years old children were selected and divided into two groups in the severe brick-tea type fluorosis areas of Akesai County of Gansu Province. Forty-six households were intervened by drinking low-fluoride brick tea as intervention group and another 40 households drank general brick tea as control group. The fluoride content in water, tea and urine was monitored and the total daily fluoride intake of adults and children was calculated by the fluoride content of the tea before and during intervention. The baseline prevalence of dental fluorosis was surveyed in all Kazakh school students aged 5 - 12 years before intervention, dental fluorosis prevalence were surveyed in two groups after the intervention. The fluoride content in water, urine,tea, and brick-tea samples was detected by iron electrode method, and dental fluorosis was diagnosed by Dean's method. Results The fluoride content of water were 0.36,0.50 mg/L respectively before and 42 months after intervention. The total daily fluoride intake of adults and children in the intervention group (being 4.39,5.12,5.38,4.49 mg in adults and 1.90,2.33 in children, 2.33, 1.94 mg for four calculations) were lower than those in control group (8.42,9.07,8.35,7.92 and 3.65,3.93, 3.62,3.43 mg). Except the second batch (530.4 mg/kg), the average fluoride content of the other 3 batches of low-fluoride brick tea(239.3,222.88,154.7 mg/kg) was lower than that of 4 batches of market brick tea(366.9,412.2, 286.0,379.6 mg/kg). The fluoride content of low-fluoride brick tea samples was in accordance with the national standard(< 300 mg/kg) in 16 of 21 samples in 4 the batches, and the qualifying rate was 76.19%(16/21). Only 5 of 21 market brick tea samples in 4 batches was qualified, accounting for 23.80%(5/21), both were significantly different(χ2= 11.52, P < 0.01). In 12, 36, 42 months after intervention, urine fluoride content in the intervention group of adult(1.84,1.23,1.77 mg/L) and children(1.55,0.65,1.10 mg/L) was less than that of the control group (adults: 3.37,3.68,3.02 mg/L, children: 2.64,1.64,2.62 mg/L), both being statistically significant (t value were 2.94,2.43,3.91,3.29,2.31,4.42, P < 0.01 or 0.05). The detective rate of dental fluorosis was 69.02%(127/184)at baseline among children. After the intervention, it lowered to [44.83% (13/29) in the intervention group, significantly lower than that in the control group[71.88%(23/32), χ2 = 4.60, P < 0.05]. Conclusion Low-fluoride brick tea can reduce the fluoride intake of the residents who drink brick tea, and alleviate excessive fluoride and the damage of high-fluoride.
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Objective To evaluate the running status of the water-improving projects in Gansu Province in order to further improve the supervising mechanism and raise the efficiency of defluoridation in drinking water.Methods The water-improving projects,either being normal,or intermittent,or discarded and the cause of abnormal running in 33 counties in Gansu Province were surveyed with unified standard method.Fluoride content in water was determined by F-ion selective electrode.Results 993 water improving projects covering 3389 fluorosis villages were surveyed,682 projects worked well[68.68%(682/993)]and had supplied water with normal fluoride contents to 2174 villages[64.15%(2174/3389)]and benefited 116.56 hundred thousand populations.And the rest 311[31.32%(311/993)]projects worked abnormally or supplied unqualified fluoride water.The main causes were the exceeded lasting life,insufficiency of water resources,high fluoride content in water and unqualified administration.Conclusions Most of the water-improving projects in Gansu Province are basically running normally,but about 1/3 of the projects do not function well,so the management of the projects must be improved and consummated.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of water fluoride and the present status of water- improving delluoridation projects in the endemic fluorosis areas in Gansu Province. Methods According to "The National Technical Scheme for Endemic Disease Control in 2004" for the water improving projects, water fluoride content was determined from fluorosis villages in 34 counties of 11 cities in Gansu Province. The fluoride content in drinking water was assessed by F-ion selective electrode. Results Water fluoride content was determined in 1576 fluorosis villages of 34 counties. Water fluoride content of 7829 water samples was determined, and the fluoride content of 1891 samples was over standard. Water fluoride content was ≤ 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 75.19%) in 1185 villages and 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 24.81%) in 391 villages; the highest water fluoride content was 6.78 mg/L Nine hundred and ninety three water-improving and defluoridation projects were determined. Water fluoride content of 867 water-improving and defluoridation projects was determined; 768 projects had water fluoride content ≤1.00 mg/L(accounting for 87.67%) and water fluoride content of 108 projects was 1.00 mg/L(accounting for 12.33%),with the highest water fluoride content being 5.27 mg/L. Water-improving and delluoridation projects mostly relied on drilling a well to obtain under-grand water. Abandoned projects accounted for 30%. Conclusions In 34 counties of 11 cites(prefecture), nearly 30% of the villages had water fluoride content exceeding the standard. The situation of endemic fluorosis control is still serious in Gausu Province, countermeasures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out as soon as possible and surveillance of water-improving and defluoridation projects must be strengthened.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the features of pulmonary function and influencing factors in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsThe pulmonary function data of 48 patients with cervical SCI were analyzed. The correlations between the percent predicted values of vital capacity (VC), maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), forced expiratory volume of 1st second (FEV1) and V75 (expressed as VC%, MVV%, FEV1%, V75%) and ASIA motor/sensory scores were analyzed. Then, four multiple linear regressions were run to use VC, MVV, FEV1, V75 as an independent variable respectively.ResultsThe percent predicted values of the pulmonary function (VC%, MVV%, FEV1%, V75%) in patients with cervical SCI obviously decreased, which suggested that these patients had a restrictive ventilation disorder. There were significant positive correlations between VC%、FEV1%、V75% and ASIA motor scores (by bivariate correlation tests), no significant correlations between any of pulmonary function parameters and the ASIA sensory scores. Of four linear regression models, the height showed as a protecting factor in 3 linear regression models and weight did in the other one respectively. Of parameters associated with SCI, just ASIA motor scores showed as a protecting factor in 3 linear regression models, no sensory scores or duration appeared in any linear regression models.ConclusionBesides the height and weight, the ASIA motor score is a main factor influencing the pulmonary function.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents in seeds of Helicia nilagirica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The ethanol extract was seperated by petroleum ether, dichloromethane, n-butanol in sequence, then isolated by silica gel column chromatography. The structures were identified and elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds were isolated from the dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts, identified as p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), gallic acid (3), helicide (4), 4-formylpymyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All the compounds except IV were isolated from the plant for the first time. The compounds I, II and III were isolated from the genus Helicia for the first time.</p>
Subject(s)
Benzaldehydes , Chemistry , Gallic Acid , Chemistry , Molecular Structure , Parabens , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Proteaceae , Chemistry , Seeds , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To demonstrate the chemical constituents of Alyxia sinensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Phytochmical experiment was carried out, using column chromatograph technologies.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds have been isolated from the petroleum ether soluble part of the stems of A. sinensis. Their structures have been elucidated respectively as heptatriacontane(1), octatriacontane(2), 20-noatriacontannone(3), 20-nonatriacontanone(4), 20-tetraacontanoe(5), physcion(6), emodin(7), chrysophanol(8), coumarin(9), stigmasterol acetate(10), beta-sitosterol acetate(11), lupeol(12), betulin(13), stigmasterol(14), beta-sitosterol(15), ursolic acid(16), oleanolic acid(17).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All these compounds are firstly been isolated from A. sinensis. And compound 5-9, 10, 11 are also been separated from Alyxiae genus for the first time.</p>
Subject(s)
Anthraquinones , Chemistry , Apocynaceae , Chemistry , Emodin , Chemistry , Plant Stems , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective According to Kaschin-Beck Disea se monitory standardization that had been adjusted by our country,we monitored the state of Kaschin-Beck Disease in Gansu province.Methods So as to understand change of illness,we took methods of epidemiological investigation,clinical examination and X-ray diagnosis.Results It is not detected in the clinical that patient suffered from more than I of KBD among 7～12 years old in Qingyang monitory netw ork.X-ray detectable rate is 3%,but 12 cases patients were showed in Zhangjiach uan.X-ray detectable rate is 22.22%.Conclusions Illness was showed steady state and was con trolled in Qingyang region,but illness recurred clearly in Zhangjiachuan region.